centrifugal pump

A centrifugal pump is a type of fluid transfer device that uses the rotational energy of an impeller to increase the speed and pressure of a liquid. It consists of several key components, including an impeller, a casing, and an inlet and outlet.

The impeller is a rotating component with curved blades, which is responsible for transferring the fluid. As it rotates, the impeller accelerates the liquid, causing it to move towards the outer edge of the impeller. This centrifugal force creates a low-pressure region at the center of the impeller.

The casing surrounds the impeller and has an inlet and outlet. The fluid enters the pump through the inlet, where it is directed toward the center of the impeller. As the liquid reaches the impeller’s blades, its velocity increases, and it is forced outward due to the centrifugal force. This results in an increase in both the fluid’s speed and pressure. The fluid then exits the pump through the outlet.

To ensure optimal performance, centrifugal pumps often incorporate additional features such as volutes or diffusers. These components help to convert the kinetic energy of the fluid into pressure energy, thus improving the pump’s efficiency.